The surge arresters are produced in three main titles, high voltage surge arresters. A lightning arrestor is basically a highly conductive copper rod with a pointed structure like a needle which is connected to earth ground. They are usually connected between phase and ground in an ac system and pole. Due to make the resistor disc of core component mainly adopt zine. Lightning arrester working principle when a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down the insulation of the arrester momentarily, allowing the voltage surge to discharge to ground. So it will break down the insulation of the lightning arrestor for a moment, so voltage surge can be discharged toward the ground. Classes of surge arresters station class intermediate class distribution class secondary. Hubbell power systems metal oxide varistor youtube. The zinc oxide has highly nonuniform current voltage iv characteristics. The lightning arrester is located close to the equipment that is to be protected. Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and. This operation is conducted on site and does not require the lightning rod to be dismantled. What is the working principle for the lightning arrester. The earthling screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical.
It is a device installed on top of the tall building to avoid lightning strike damaging the building. A surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be. The component critical for the arrester to work is the mov the heart of the surge arrester. Working of surge arresters normal operation occurrence of high voltage function as a non linear resistor 34. Nov 18, 2016 a surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be from lightning or a switching surge. If, however, surge currents in the kiloampere range are injected into the arrester, such as is the case when lightning or switching overvoltages. In an extrahigh voltage ac system the surge diverter is used to protect the generators. A surge arrester protects system equipment such as transformers and transmission lines from excessive voltage andor overvoltage caused by lightning or switching surges. It is connected via a heavy metal cable to a ground rod which is driven into the ground nearby.
All lightning arresters should withstand the maximum continuous operating voltage mcov. Early streamer emmission early streamer emission lightning. Working principle of silicon carbide sic lightning arresters. Lightning arrester working principle when a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down the insulation of the arrester momentarily. A typical surge arrester has both a ground terminal and a highvoltage terminal. They are usually connected between phase and ground in an ac system and pole and ground in case of the dc system. Application and analysis for surge arrester on lightning. Aug 04, 2019 it is a device installed on top of the tall building to avoid lightning strike damaging the building. The arrester has certain advantages like it eliminate the sparkovers and also the risk of shock to the system. The principle of an early streamer emission lightning conductor is to artificially generate, with the aid of an ionization mechanism, an early upward leader occurring before the other natural. Lightning arrestor working principle is, once the voltage surge travels throughout the conductor then it reaches the location of the arrestor where it is installed. It is a pointed long metal rod or several of them that is mounted on the roof so that it is. Zno gapless lightning arrester or surge arrester electrical. The principle of an early streamer emission lightning conductor is to artificially generate, with the aid of an ionization mechanism, an early upward leader occurring before the other natural upward leaders, in order to establish a privileged impact point of the lightning strike.
The zinc oxide has highly nonuniform electric current voltage i v characteristics. How surge arresters works are explained in this video through animation and illustrations. How surge arrester works berkeys air conditioning, plumbing. The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against traveling waves, which may reach the terminal apparatus. Combination of t1 and t2 arrester on 35 mm per pole valvetrab sec t2 smallest type 2 arrester for dinrail i sccr up to 50 ka, max. When a powerful electric surge travels from the power system to the surge arrester, the high voltage current is sent directly to the insulation or to the ground to. A lightning arrestor is basically a highly conductive copper rod with a pointed structure like a.
The mov or metal oxide varistor is a disk or block of crystalline semiconductor material. Lightning arrester manufacturers in china,surge arrestor. A lightning arrester alternative spelling lightning arrestor also called lightning diverter is a. A lightning arrester is a device, used on power systems, that contains billions of electronic switches that divert lightning currents around sensitive equipment and saves them from damage. Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and lightning rod. The arrester which uses zinc oxide semiconductor as a resistor material, such type of arrester is known as a metal oxide surge arrester or zno diverter. Surge diverter lightning arrester working lightning. Classification and testing of surge protective devices 16 3. The arrester provides a lowimpedance path to ground for the current from a lightning strike or transient voltage and then restores to a normal operating. The surge arrester is a product which is insulated up to a predetermined voltage value and which is manufactured to discharge overload to the ground by. In large substations, arrestors should be installed at takeoff points of the lines and of the terminal apparatus. The voltampere characteristics of the non linear resistor in the lignting arrester can be approximately described by expression v ki. Aug 08, 2016 a short and simple overview of a lightning arrester for the nontechnical. Many factors like system voltages, basic impulse insulation level, arrestor rating, station layout.
The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against traveling. Surge arrester is used to protect the circuit or electrical equipment from high voltage transient or electrical surges. A lightning rod, sometimes called a lightning arrester is something you mount on top of your house. When a travelling wave reaches the arrestor, its sparks over at a certain prefixed voltage as shown in the figure below. When a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down. The lightning current capacity should not be lower than 10ka. Lightning arresters las are among the most misunderstood and misapplied protective devices in our industry. A lightning arrester or a surge diverter is a protective device, which conducts the high voltage surges on the power system to the ground. The old design was a gap in series with a nonlinear resistor all enclosed in porcelain cover for protection.
Lightning arrester should be located close to the equipment that it is expected to protect. The surge arrester is a product which is insulated up to a predetermined voltage value and which is manufactured to discharge overload to the ground by passing through the determined voltage value. The mov or metal oxide varistor is a disk or block of crystalline semiconductor material made from. A short and simple overview of a lightning arrester for the nontechnical. A surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused by external lightning or internal switching events. The power lightning arrester installed at the input end of electronic information equipment ac power supply shall be a series voltage limiting type power lightning arrester when it is used as the class iii protection.
A surge arrester is a device that protects electrical power systems from damages caused by lightning. The working of surge arrester is, whenever lightning or power surge hits a particular electrical system, then it will harm the entire system as well as electrical devices that are connected to this system because these devices work at a fixed voltage range. A lightning arrester, surge arrester or line arrester is a device used on electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. This is the voltage at which the leakage current flowing through the arrester is limited up to. Working principle of zinc oxide lightning arrester. Also called a surge protection device spd or transient voltage surge suppressor tvss, this class of device is used to protect equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. Silicon carbide lightning arresters working principle.
The currents passing through the arrester within the range of possibly applied powerfrequency voltages are so small that the arrester almost behaves like an insulator. It is a pointed long metal rod or several of them that is mounted on the roof so that it is the highest object. In power systems, lightning arrestors are used to provide protection against surges and lightning strikes. Metaloxide surge arresters in highvoltage power systems. Apr 11, 2016 but its construction and working principle is very different from the lightening rod. The indelec tester meets the requirements of nf c 17102. A lightning arrestor acts to reduce a voltage surge due to, for example, a lightning strike on a power line. One rod is connected to the line circuit and the other rod is connected to earth. Working principle of zinc oxide lightning arrester the normal operation is defined as condition when no surge is presented and the surge arrester is subjected to normal system voltage only. Thunderester lightning protection is an electronic based lightning protection system working principle on piezoelectric technology to protect the entire structure of a building in the event of direct lightning strikes, it allows lightning current to follow a low resistance path through the down conductor to ground, thus protect the structure from physical damage. Jan 01, 2016 working principle of silicon carbide sic lightning arresters.
To ensure proper protection, you must know which type of lightning arrester to use and what its rating means. But its construction and working principle is very different from the lightening rod. Jul 06, 2018 the component critical for the arrester to work is the mov the heart of the surge arrester. The working of surge arrester is, whenever lightning or power surge hits a particular electrical system, then it will harm the entire system as well as. Mar 28, 2008 a lightning rod, sometimes called a lightning arrester is something you mount on top of your house. Yet, with the increasing use of sensitive electronic equipment, theyre almost a must, because they divert the effects of extremely shortterm overvoltages on an electrical. Classes of surge arresters station class intermediate class distribution class secondary class 33. These materials have a unique property of becoming conductive when a very high electric pote.
Thunderester lightning protection is an electronic based lightning protection system working principle on piezoelectric technology to protect the entire structure of a building in the event of direct lightning. These materials have a unique property of becoming. Lightning arresters article about lightning arresters and how they were used in early ac and dc. The lightning discharge is initiated by so called down conductor which creates an ionised air path downwards or upwards between the cloud and the ground for the necessary flow of any lightning. Due to make the resistor disc of core component mainly adopt zine oxide arrester. This will protect the transformer from an overvoltage acting to break down its resistance. A surge arrester works by diverting the extra voltage into the earth wire, rather than flowing through the electronic. Diagram showing the operating principle for capturing a lightning strike using an early streamer emission conductor. Lightning arresters las are among the most misunderstood and misapplied protective. In an ac system, separate arrester is provided for each phase. This article introduces in such aspects as the working principle of line surge arrester and effect of lightning protection, and also explores application for lightning arrester of distribution. Working principle of zinc oxide lightning arrester the normal operation is defined as condition when no surge is presented and the surge arrester is subjected to normal system voltage. In large substations, arrestors should be installed at takeoff points of the. The zno arrester is the most advanced overvoltage protector in the world.
It is a very simple type of diverter and consists of two 1. The typical lightning arrester has a highvoltage terminal and a ground terminal. The power lightning arrester installed at the input end of electronic information equipment ac power supply shall be a series voltage limiting type power lightning arrester when it is used as the class iii. Lightning and surge protection basics phoenix contact.